Daidzein is an isoflavone phytoestrogenic compound that has been found in soybeans and other legumes. It binds to estrogen receptor β (ERβ; Ki = 2.8 µM) but not ERα at concentrations up to 1 mM. It is estrogenic in vitro, increasing gene transcription mediated by the estrogen response element (ERE) in a reporter assay in an ERβ-dependent manner (EC50 = 2.8 µM for MCF-7 cells expressing ERβ).
Daidzein is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA) that is selective for carbonic CAVII and CAXII (Kis = 4.2 and 56 nM, respectively) over CAI, II, and IV (Kis =>10,000, >10,000, and 718.7 nM, respectively). It reduces tumor growth in a PC3 prostate cancer mouse orthotopic model when administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day and potentiates the effects of radiation therapy.
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